Medications
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain in arthritis patients. Corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and slow down joint damage. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are used to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in arthritis patients. Biologic response modifiers are a newer class of medications that target specific parts of the immune system to reduce inflammation in arthritis. Pain relievers such as acetaminophen may be recommended for mild to moderate arthritis pain.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy helps improve joint function, reduce pain, and increase mobility in arthritis patients. Exercises prescribed by a physical therapist can help strengthen muscles around the joints and improve flexibility. Joint protection techniques may be taught to arthritis patients to prevent further damage and reduce pain.
Lifestyle Changes
Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on joints and improve arthritis symptoms. Eating a balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods such as fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids can help manage arthritis pain. Avoiding activities that put extra strain on the joints can prevent further damage and alleviate pain.
Surgery
In severe cases of arthritis joint pain, surgery may be recommended to repair or replace damaged joints. Joint fusion, joint replacement, and arthroscopy are common surgical procedures used to treat arthritis. Surgery is usually considered when other treatment options have not provided relief or when joint damage is severe.
Alternative Therapies
Acupuncture, massage therapy, and chiropractic care are alternative therapies that some arthritis patients find beneficial. Supplements such as glucosamine and chondroitin may help reduce joint pain and stiffness in some people. Heat and cold therapy can provide temporary relief from arthritis symptoms by reducing inflammation and numbing pain.