What are the common symptoms of ulcerative colitis?

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the lining of the large intestine and rectum. It can cause various symptoms, which can vary in severity from person to person. Understanding the common symptoms of ulcerative colitis can help with early diagnosis and management of the condition.

Abdominal Pain and Cramping

One of the most common symptoms of ulcerative colitis is abdominal pain and cramping. The pain is usually experienced in the lower abdomen and can range from mild to severe. It may come and go or persist for extended periods of time. The cramping can be relieved temporarily by passing stools.

Diarrhea

Diarrhea is another common symptom of ulcerative colitis. It is often accompanied by urgency to have a bowel movement. The stools may be loose, watery, and may contain blood or mucus. Frequent bowel movements can lead to dehydration and nutritional deficiencies.

Rectal Bleeding

Rectal bleeding is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis, particularly during flare-ups. The inflammation in the colon and rectum can cause the lining to bleed. The blood may be bright red or have a darker color. It is important to seek medical attention if rectal bleeding occurs.

Weight Loss and Fatigue

Weight loss and fatigue are common symptoms of ulcerative colitis. The chronic inflammation and malabsorption of nutrients can lead to weight loss. Fatigue can be a result of the body's increased energy requirements and inflammation. It is important to maintain a balanced diet and manage fatigue effectively.