What is Meningitis?
Meningitis is an infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It can lead to inflammation of the meninges, which are the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. There are different types of meningitis, including viral meningitis, bacterial meningitis, and fungal meningitis.
Symptoms of Meningitis in Adults
The symptoms of meningitis in adults can vary depending on the cause and severity of the infection. One common symptom is a stiff neck, also known as neck rigidity. A stiff neck occurs when the neck muscles become tense and resistant to movement. Other symptoms of meningitis in adults may include severe headache, high fever, sensitivity to light, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and seizures.
Causes of a Stiff Neck in Meningitis
A stiff neck in meningitis is caused by the inflammation of the meninges and the irritation of the nerves in the neck. The infection can spread from the meninges to the spinal cord and affect the nerves responsible for neck movement. The inflammation and irritation lead to muscle stiffness and discomfort in the neck area.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing meningitis and determining the cause of a stiff neck involves a thorough medical evaluation. The doctor may perform a physical examination, review the patient's medical history, and order laboratory tests, such as blood tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, or imaging studies. Treatment for meningitis often includes hospitalization, intravenous antibiotics or antiviral medications, pain relievers, and supportive care. The specific treatment depends on the type and severity of the infection.