Genetics
Genetics play a significant role in determining an individual's susceptibility to psoriatic arthritis. People with a family history of the condition are at an increased risk of developing it themselves. Certain genes, such as HLA-B27, have been found to be associated with a higher likelihood of developing psoriatic arthritis. However, having these genes does not guarantee the development of the condition, as other environmental and lifestyle factors are also involved.
Immune System Dysfunction
Psoriatic arthritis is classified as an autoimmune disease, which means that the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells and tissues. In the case of psoriatic arthritis, the immune system targets the joints and skin, causing inflammation and pain. The exact reason for this immune system dysfunction is still unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain infections and injuries can trigger the immune system response and lead to the development of psoriatic arthritis.
Environmental Factors
Environmental factors can also play a role in the development of psoriatic arthritis. Exposure to certain environmental triggers, such as smoking, can increase the risk of developing the condition. Additionally, exposure to cold weather and stress may exacerbate symptoms in individuals with psoriatic arthritis. It is important to identify and avoid these triggers to help manage the symptoms and prevent flare-ups.