What is Psoriatic Arthritis?
Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects people with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin. It is estimated that around 30 percent of people with psoriasis develop psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis can cause joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, similar to other forms of arthritis. In addition to joint symptoms, psoriatic arthritis can also cause inflammation in other parts of the body, such as the eyes, spine, and nails. Nail changes are a common feature of psoriatic arthritis, and one of the early signs to look out for is nail pitting.
What is Nail Pitting?
Nail pitting refers to the presence of small depressions or indentations on the surface of the nails. These pits can vary in size and depth, and they are usually round or oval in shape. Nail pitting is a common nail abnormality and can occur due to various reasons, including psoriatic arthritis. The pits in psoriatic arthritis are often shallow and may be associated with other nail changes, such as crumbling or discoloration. It is important to note that not all nail pitting is caused by psoriatic arthritis, as it can also be seen in other conditions like eczema or alopecia areata. However, when nail pitting is accompanied by other symptoms of psoriatic arthritis, it can be a strong indicator of the condition.
Early Signs of Psoriatic Arthritis with Nail Pitting
Recognizing the early signs of psoriatic arthritis with nail pitting is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. Here are some common signs to watch out for: 1. Nail Pitting: As mentioned earlier, the presence of small pits or dents on the nails is a classic early sign of psoriatic arthritis. 2. Joint Pain and Swelling: Psoriatic arthritis can cause inflammation in the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness. This commonly affects the fingers, toes, wrists, ankles, and knees. 3. Skin Lesions: Psoriasis patches on the skin may be present before the onset of joint symptoms. These patches are typically red, scaly, and itchy. 4. Nail Changes: In addition to pitting, psoriatic arthritis can cause other nail changes, such as thickening, discoloration, ridges, or separation of the nail from the bed. 5. Dactylitis: This condition involves swelling of an entire digit, giving it a sausage-like appearance. It commonly affects the fingers and toes. If you notice these early signs and symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis. Early diagnosis can help in managing the symptoms and preventing further joint damage.