Signs of Psoriatic Arthritis
Joint pain and stiffness: Psoriatic arthritis usually affects the joints symmetrically, meaning that if one knee or hand is affected, the other one will likely be as well. The pain and stiffness are usually worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity. Swollen fingers and toes: Psoriatic arthritis can cause swelling in the fingers and toes, giving them a sausage-like appearance. This condition, known as dactylitis, is a common sign of the disease. Skin changes: People with psoriatic arthritis often have psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches. These patches may appear on the elbows, knees, scalp, or other parts of the body. Nail changes: Psoriatic arthritis can also affect the nails, causing pitting, crumbling, or discoloration. Additionally, the nails may separate from the nail bed, a condition known as onycholysis. Fatigue: Many individuals with psoriatic arthritis experience fatigue, which can be both physical and mental. This fatigue may be caused by the inflammation in the body and the chronic pain associated with the disease. Eye problems: In some cases, psoriatic arthritis can lead to inflammation in the eyes, causing redness, pain, and blurred vision. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any eye-related symptoms.
Treatments for Psoriatic Arthritis
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): These medications help reduce inflammation and relieve pain. They are often the first line of treatment for psoriatic arthritis. Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): DMARDs are prescribed to slow down the progression of psoriatic arthritis and prevent joint damage. They work by targeting the underlying immune system dysfunction. Biologic Agents: Biologic drugs, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, target specific molecules in the immune system to reduce inflammation. They are usually used when other medications have not provided sufficient relief. Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids can be injected directly into the affected joint to reduce inflammation and provide short-term pain relief. Oral corticosteroids may also be prescribed for severe flare-ups. Physical Therapy: Physical therapy can help improve joint function, reduce pain, and increase flexibility. A physical therapist can design an individualized exercise program to meet the specific needs of the patient. Lifestyle Modifications: Making certain lifestyle changes can also help manage symptoms of psoriatic arthritis. This may include maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular exercise, and managing stress levels. Surgery: In severe cases, when joint damage is extensive, surgery may be necessary. Joint replacement surgery can help restore mobility and improve quality of life.