Medication
Anti-inflammatory drugs: These medications help reduce inflammation in the digestive tract. They can include corticosteroids, aminosalicylates, and immunomodulators. Immunosuppressants: These drugs help suppress the immune system to reduce inflammation. Examples include azathioprine and methotrexate. Biologic therapies: These are targeted treatments that use genetically engineered proteins to block specific molecules involved in inflammation. Examples include infliximab and adalimumab. Antibiotics: In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat bacterial overgrowth or infections in the digestive tract.
Dietary Changes
Avoid trigger foods: Certain foods can trigger flare-ups in individuals with Crohn's disease. It is important to identify and avoid these trigger foods. Maintain a balanced diet: Eating a well-balanced diet with adequate nutrients can help support overall health and manage symptoms. Consider a low-residue diet: This diet limits high-fiber foods to reduce the frequency and volume of bowel movements.
Lifestyle Modifications
Stress management: Stress can trigger flare-ups in some individuals. Engaging in stress-reducing activities such as exercise, meditation, or therapy can be helpful. Regular exercise: Physical activity can help improve digestion, reduce inflammation, and promote overall well-being. Adequate rest and sleep: Getting enough rest and sleep can help support the body's healing process.
Surgery
In severe cases of Crohn's disease that do not respond to medication or other treatments, surgery may be required. Surgery can involve removing damaged portions of the intestine or creating an ostomy. Surgery is typically considered as a last resort option when other treatments have been ineffective.