Blood Tests
One of the primary tests used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis is a blood test. These tests can help determine the presence of specific antibodies, such as rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, which are often elevated in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. Another important blood test is the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test, which measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube of blood. An elevated ESR may indicate inflammation in the body, which is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. C-reactive protein (CRP) tests are also commonly used to measure inflammation levels in the body. High CRP levels can be a sign of active inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Your healthcare provider may also perform a complete blood count (CBC) to check for signs of infection or anemia, which can be present in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
Imaging Tests
Imaging tests, such as X-rays, ultrasounds, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, can help healthcare providers visualize the joints and identify any damage or inflammation. X-rays can show joint damage, erosion, or changes indicative of rheumatoid arthritis. Ultrasounds are useful for examining the soft tissues around the joints, while MRI scans can provide detailed images of the joints and surrounding structures. These imaging tests can help healthcare providers assess the extent of joint damage and monitor disease progression in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
Physical Examination
A physical examination is often performed as part of the diagnostic process for rheumatoid arthritis. During the exam, the healthcare provider will assess joint tenderness, swelling, range of motion, and overall function. Your healthcare provider may also look for specific signs, such as joint deformities or nodules, which are common in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. The physical examination helps healthcare providers evaluate the severity of joint involvement and the impact of rheumatoid arthritis on daily activities.