Maintenance Medications
Inhaled Corticosteroids: These medications reduce inflammation in the airways and are usually the first-line treatment for Severe Eosinophilic Asthma. Long-acting Beta Agonists (LABAs): These medications are often prescribed in combination with inhaled corticosteroids to provide additional bronchodilation and reduce symptoms. Leukotriene Modifiers: These medications block the effects of leukotrienes, which are substances that cause inflammation in the airways. Immunomodulators: These medications help regulate the immune system and can be used in severe cases where other treatments are not effective.
Biologic Therapies
Monoclonal Antibodies: These biologic medications target specific proteins or cells involved in the immune response, such as interleukin-5 (IL-5) or immunoglobulin E (IgE). They can help reduce eosinophilic inflammation and prevent asthma attacks. Bronchial Thermoplasty: This procedure uses radiofrequency energy to reduce the smooth muscle in the airways, decreasing their ability to constrict and narrowing the air passages. Omalizumab: This biologic therapy is an anti-IgE antibody that can help reduce allergic responses and control asthma symptoms. Mepolizumab and Reslizumab: These biologic therapies target IL-5, a protein involved in eosinophil production and activation. They can help reduce eosinophil levels and improve asthma control.
Lifestyle Modifications
Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers such as allergens, tobacco smoke, pollution, and other irritants can help reduce asthma symptoms. Regular Exercise: Engaging in regular exercise can improve lung function and overall fitness, which can help manage Severe Eosinophilic Asthma. Stress Management: Stress can trigger asthma symptoms, so adopting stress management techniques like deep breathing exercises, yoga, or meditation can be beneficial. Healthy Diet: Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids may help reduce inflammation and support lung health.
Emergency Treatments
Short-acting Beta Agonists (SABAs): These medications provide quick relief during asthma attacks by relaxing the smooth muscles around the airways, allowing them to open up. Systemic Corticosteroids: In severe cases or during exacerbations, systemic corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms. Oxygen Therapy: Oxygen therapy may be necessary if severe asthma attacks lead to low oxygen levels in the blood.