Tardive Dyskinesia: The Signs And Symptoms

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary movements, primarily affecting the face, lips, tongue, and limbs. It is usually caused by long-term use of certain medications that treat psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. The signs and symptoms of TD can vary from mild to severe, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life.

Facial Movements

One of the most common signs of TD is repetitive and uncontrollable movements of the face. These movements may include grimacing, blinking, puckering or smacking of the lips, and tongue protrusion. These facial movements can be embarrassing and can affect a person's self-esteem and social interactions.

Limb Movements

In addition to facial movements, TD can also affect the limbs. People with TD may experience twitching, jerking, or choreiform movements in their arms and legs. These movements can be subtle or severe, and may interfere with daily activities such as eating, writing, or walking.

Other Symptoms

Aside from facial and limb movements, TD can also present with other symptoms. These may include tongue thrusting, rapid eye blinking, lip smacking, and grimacing. Some individuals with TD may also experience vocal tics or difficulties with coordination and balance.