Initial Assessment and Diagnosis
Diagnosing dengue fever requires a thorough medical history and physical examination. A blood test is usually done to confirm the diagnosis by detecting the dengue virus or antibodies to the virus. Symptoms of dengue fever include high fever, severe headache, joint and muscle pain, rash, and nausea. Early diagnosis is crucial to start treatment promptly and prevent complications.
Treatment Options
There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, so the focus is on supportive care to manage symptoms. Rest and hydration are essential to help the body fight the infection and prevent dehydration. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help reduce fever and relieve pain. However, avoid aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as they can increase the risk of bleeding. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for close monitoring, intravenous fluids, and other supportive measures.
Prevention and Control
The best way to prevent dengue fever is to avoid mosquito bites by using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and staying in air-conditioned or screened-in areas. Eliminating mosquito breeding sites, such as standing water in containers, can help reduce the risk of dengue transmission. Community efforts, such as fogging and spraying insecticides, can also contribute to controlling mosquito populations.