Introduction
Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon and rectum. It is a chronic condition with periods of flare-ups and remission. The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors.
Signs and Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis in Adults
The signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis can vary depending on the severity of the inflammation and the part of the colon affected. Common signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, fatigue, and urgency to have a bowel movement. Some people may also experience fever, anemia, skin rashes, joint pain, and eye inflammation. In severe cases, complications such as bowel obstruction, perforation, and toxic megacolon can occur.
Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis
Diagnosing ulcerative colitis usually involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy are common procedures used to visualize the colon and obtain tissue samples for biopsy. Blood tests, stool tests, and imaging scans such as CT scans or MRI may also be performed to aid in the diagnosis.
Treatment Options for Ulcerative Colitis
The goals of treatment for ulcerative colitis are to induce and maintain remission, control inflammation, and improve quality of life. Medications such as aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics are commonly used to manage symptoms and reduce inflammation. Dietary and lifestyle changes, stress management, and surgery may also be recommended in certain cases.
Velsipity: A Treatment Option for Ulcerative Colitis
Velsipity is a medication approved for the treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis in adults. It belongs to a class of drugs known as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers, which help reduce inflammation in the body. Velsipity is administered by injection and works by targeting specific proteins in the immune system that play a role in ulcerative colitis. It has been shown to induce and maintain remission, improve symptoms, and reduce the need for steroids in some patients.