Stage 0: Carcinoma in situ
In this stage, the cancer cells are only found in the lining of the airways and have not spread to other tissues. Treatment options typically involve surgery to remove the affected tissue. Stage 0 is considered the earliest stage of lung cancer and has a high chance of successful treatment and cure.
Stage I: Localized cancer
The cancer is present in a single lung and may involve nearby lymph nodes. Surgery is often the primary treatment for Stage I lung cancer, with the goal of removing the tumor and any affected lymph nodes. Chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be recommended in certain cases.
Stage II: Regional spread
In Stage II, the cancer has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes within the chest. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The goal is to remove the cancer and prevent further spread.
Stage III: Advanced cancer
At this stage, the cancer has spread to lymph nodes and tissues beyond the chest. Treatment may involve a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. The goal is to control the cancer and manage symptoms.
Stage IV: Metastatic cancer
Stage IV lung cancer has spread to distant organs such as the brain, liver, or bones. Treatment focuses on palliative care to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy may be used to manage the disease.