Biologics
Biologics are a class of medications that target specific components of the immune system to reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth. These medications have revolutionized the treatment of plaque psoriasis by providing targeted therapy with fewer side effects compared to traditional systemic treatments. Biologics can be administered through injections or infusions and have shown remarkable efficacy in managing symptoms and improving quality of life for patients.
Topical Treatments
Topical treatments such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and retinoids are commonly used to treat mild to moderate plaque psoriasis. These medications are applied directly to the skin and help reduce inflammation, itching, and scaling of the skin. Advancements in topical treatments have led to the development of newer formulations that enhance drug delivery and improve efficacy.
Phototherapy
Phototherapy involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet light under medical supervision to help reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth. This treatment option is beneficial for patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who have not responded well to other therapies. Recent advancements in phototherapy techniques, such as targeted phototherapy and narrowband UVB therapy, have improved treatment outcomes and reduced potential side effects.
Oral Medications
Oral medications such as apremilast and methotrexate are prescribed for patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who may not respond to other treatments. These medications work by targeting specific pathways in the immune system to reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth. Advancements in oral medications have focused on improving efficacy, safety profiles, and reducing the risk of long-term side effects.